{"id":494,"date":"2023-02-27T17:24:41","date_gmt":"2023-02-27T17:24:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=494"},"modified":"2026-01-28T22:12:06","modified_gmt":"2026-01-28T22:12:06","slug":"data-collection-and-organization-learn-it-1","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/chapter\/data-collection-and-organization-learn-it-1\/","title":{"raw":"Statistical Studies: Learn It 1","rendered":"Statistical Studies: Learn It 1"},"content":{"raw":"<section class=\"textbox learningGoals\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li>Identify the observational unit of a statistical study<\/li>\r\n\t<li>Name the population, sample, parameter, and statistic in a statistical study<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/section>\r\n<h2>Statistical Studies<\/h2>\r\n<p>The science of\u00a0<span id=\"term-00001\" data-type=\"term\">statistics<\/span>\u00a0deals with the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of\u00a0<span id=\"term-00002\" data-type=\"term\">data<\/span>. We see and use data in our everyday lives.<\/p>\r\n<section class=\"textbox proTip\">Organizing and summarizing data is called\u00a0<strong><span id=\"term-00003\" data-type=\"term\">descriptive statistics<\/span><\/strong>.<\/section>\r\n<p>Two ways to summarize data are by graphing and by using numbers (for example, finding an average).<\/p>\r\n<section class=\"textbox proTip\">After you have studied probability and probability distributions, you will use formal methods for drawing conclusions from \"good\" data. The formal methods are called\u00a0<strong><span id=\"term-00004\" data-type=\"term\">inferential statistics<\/span><\/strong>.<\/section>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm63797184\">In statistics, we generally want to study a\u00a0<span id=\"term-00007\" data-type=\"term\">[pb_glossary id=\"5643\"]population[\/pb_glossary]<\/span>. You can think of a population as a collection of persons, things, or objects under study. To study the population, we select a\u00a0<span id=\"term-00008\" data-type=\"term\">[pb_glossary id=\"5644\"]sample[\/pb_glossary]<\/span>. The idea of\u00a0<span id=\"term-00009\" data-type=\"term\">sampling<\/span>\u00a0is to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population.<\/p>\r\n<section class=\"textbox tryIt\">[ohm2_question hide_question_numbers=1]680[\/ohm2_question][ohm2_question hide_question_numbers=1]681[\/ohm2_question]<\/section>\r\n<section class=\"textbox keyTakeaway\">\r\n<div>\r\n<h3>observational units<\/h3>\r\n<p>The individuals, animals, or objects that are being measured or surveyed in a study are the <strong>observational units<\/strong>. <br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\nObservational units can also be referred to as the subjects, participants, or cases of the statistical study.<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n<section class=\"textbox tryIt\">[ohm2_question hide_question_numbers=1]793[\/ohm2_question]<\/section>","rendered":"<section class=\"textbox learningGoals\">\n<ul>\n<li>Identify the observational unit of a statistical study<\/li>\n<li>Name the population, sample, parameter, and statistic in a statistical study<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<h2>Statistical Studies<\/h2>\n<p>The science of\u00a0<span id=\"term-00001\" data-type=\"term\">statistics<\/span>\u00a0deals with the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of\u00a0<span id=\"term-00002\" data-type=\"term\">data<\/span>. We see and use data in our everyday lives.<\/p>\n<section class=\"textbox proTip\">Organizing and summarizing data is called\u00a0<strong><span id=\"term-00003\" data-type=\"term\">descriptive statistics<\/span><\/strong>.<\/section>\n<p>Two ways to summarize data are by graphing and by using numbers (for example, finding an average).<\/p>\n<section class=\"textbox proTip\">After you have studied probability and probability distributions, you will use formal methods for drawing conclusions from &#8220;good&#8221; data. The formal methods are called\u00a0<strong><span id=\"term-00004\" data-type=\"term\">inferential statistics<\/span><\/strong>.<\/section>\n<p id=\"fs-idm63797184\">In statistics, we generally want to study a\u00a0<span id=\"term-00007\" data-type=\"term\"><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_494_5643\">population<\/a><\/span>. You can think of a population as a collection of persons, things, or objects under study. To study the population, we select a\u00a0<span id=\"term-00008\" data-type=\"term\"><a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_494_5644\">sample<\/a><\/span>. The idea of\u00a0<span id=\"term-00009\" data-type=\"term\">sampling<\/span>\u00a0is to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population.<\/p>\n<section class=\"textbox tryIt\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"ohm680\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/ohm.one.lumenlearning.com\/multiembedq.php?id=680&theme=lumen&iframe_resize_id=ohm680&source=tnh\" width=\"100%\" height=\"150\"><\/iframe><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"ohm681\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/ohm.one.lumenlearning.com\/multiembedq.php?id=681&theme=lumen&iframe_resize_id=ohm681&source=tnh\" width=\"100%\" height=\"150\"><\/iframe><\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox keyTakeaway\">\n<div>\n<h3>observational units<\/h3>\n<p>The individuals, animals, or objects that are being measured or surveyed in a study are the <strong>observational units<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<p>Observational units can also be referred to as the subjects, participants, or cases of the statistical study.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox tryIt\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"ohm793\" class=\"resizable\" src=\"https:\/\/ohm.one.lumenlearning.com\/multiembedq.php?id=793&theme=lumen&iframe_resize_id=ohm793&source=tnh\" width=\"100%\" height=\"150\"><\/iframe><\/section>\n<div class=\"glossary\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\" id=\"definition\">definition<\/span><template id=\"term_494_5643\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_494_5643\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A population is an entire group of people, objects, or animals; usually a large group.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><template id=\"term_494_5644\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_494_5644\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A sample is a randomly selected subset or subgroup of a population.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><\/div>","protected":false},"author":13,"menu_order":15,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"part":375,"module-header":"learn_it","content_attributions":[],"internal_book_links":[],"video_content":null,"cc_video_embed_content":{"cc_scripts":"","media_targets":[]},"try_it_collection":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7129,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494\/revisions\/7129"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/375"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/494\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=494"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=494"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introstatstest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}