{"id":2940,"date":"2023-02-19T16:11:10","date_gmt":"2023-02-19T16:11:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introductiontobusiness\/chapter\/case-study-social-entrepreneurship-at-toms-shoes\/"},"modified":"2023-09-14T19:43:16","modified_gmt":"2023-09-14T19:43:16","slug":"case-study-social-entrepreneurship-at-toms-shoes","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/introductiontobusiness\/chapter\/case-study-social-entrepreneurship-at-toms-shoes\/","title":{"raw":"Module 6: Get Stronger","rendered":"Module 6: Get Stronger"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Who is using child labor in the U.S?<\/h2>\r\n<section class=\"textbox watchIt\"><iframe src=\"\/\/plugin.3playmedia.com\/show?mf=9475160&amp;p3sdk_version=1.10.1&amp;p=20361&amp;pt=375&amp;video_id=ejc8oDOcN_o&amp;video_target=tpm-plugin-jsyjnj1f-ejc8oDOcN_o\" width=\"800px\" height=\"450px\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0px\" marginheight=\"0px\"><\/iframe>\r\n<p class=\"p1\">You can view the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Intro+to+Business\/transcripts\/SoundSmartChildLaborintheIndustrialRevolution.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s1\">transcript for \u201cSound Smart: Child Labor in the Industrial Revolution\u201d here (opens in new window).<\/span><\/a><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/section>While there are established laws in the U.S. to protect children, similar laws in many developing countries do not exist or are not enforced. In the 1990s, Nike was exposed as using child labor in countries like Cambodia and Pakistan, with minors working seven days a week for as long as 16 hours per day.[footnote]TFL. \u201cSweatshops Almost Killed Nike in the 1990s, Now There Are Modern Slavery Laws - The Fashion Law.\u201d The Fashion Law, September 27, 2019. https:\/\/www.thefashionlaw.com\/visibility-is-central-to-a-successful-supply-chain-heres-what-brands-need-to-know\/[\/footnote] The backlash forced the company to change its practices. However, as recently as 2020, Nike was found to be using the forced labor of Uyghurs, an ethnic minority of Muslims, who had been detained by the Chinese government.\r\n\r\nHowever, child labor is not only happening in other countries. Investigative reporter, Hannah Dreier, spoke to more than 100 migrant child workers in 20 states and found that these children were working dangerous jobs, very often during night shifts in factories.[footnote]Dreier, Hannah. \u201cAlone and Exploited, Migrant Children Work Brutal Jobs Across the U.S.\u201d New York Times, February 25, 2023. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/02\/25\/us\/unaccompanied-migrant-child-workers-exploitation.html[\/footnote] Dreier also interviewed underage children, some as young as 12, who were working as slaughterhouse workers, roofers, milking machine operators on dairy farms, dish scrubbers in restaurants, and machine operators in a sawmill.[footnote]Id.[\/footnote] Sometimes the children go to school during the day and then rush off to their jobs after school. They are under intense financial pressure to send money back to their families in Central and South America while simultaneously having to pay their living expenses and debts from paying smugglers to get them to the U.S. border.[footnote]Id.[\/footnote]\r\n\r\nLarge corporations benefit from the labor of these migrant child workers. For example, they work with giant ovens that make Chewy and Nature Valley granola bars and dinner rolls sold at Walmart and Target; tend fast-moving machinery that packed bags of Lucky Charms cereal and Cheetos; sew \"Made in America\" tags onto J. Crew shirts; debone chicken sold at Whole Foods; and process milk used in Ben &amp; Jerry's ice cream.[footnote]Id.[\/footnote] The growth of migrant child labor is a result of a number of organizations turning a blind eye to violations of labor laws. Schools fail to report labor violations because they believe it might do more harm to the children while companies ignore the problem because they need workers.[footnote]Id.[\/footnote] Without stricter oversight, the companies that hire these children will likely continue to do so.\r\n\r\n<section class=\"textbox connectIt\">\r\n<h3>Risks of Using Child Labor<\/h3>\r\nAre there potential economic, social, and reputational risks faced by companies that engage in or benefit from the use of child labor?\r\n[reveal-answer q=\"111887\"]Click to Show Sample Answer[\/reveal-answer]\r\n[hidden-answer a=\"111887\"]Companies face risks such as legal fines, supply chain disruptions, and reputational damage. However, businesses may choose to intentionally ignore or shift the blame to contractors who directly hire the child workers because it helps keep production running and saves money. While this attitude does not align with ethical and legal standards, some businesses may believe that the reputational damage will not significantly affect sales.[\/hidden-answer]\r\n\r\nLearn more about how organizations in the U.S., like <a href=\"https:\/\/stopchildlabor.org\/category\/child-labor-us\/\">The Child Labor Coalition<\/a>, are working to end child labor.\r\n\r\n<\/section>&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292006561284450408\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Module 6 Flashcards\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script>","rendered":"<h2>Who is using child labor in the U.S?<\/h2>\n<section class=\"textbox watchIt\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/plugin.3playmedia.com\/show?mf=9475160&amp;p3sdk_version=1.10.1&amp;p=20361&amp;pt=375&amp;video_id=ejc8oDOcN_o&amp;video_target=tpm-plugin-jsyjnj1f-ejc8oDOcN_o\" width=\"800px\" height=\"450px\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0px\" marginheight=\"0px\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">You can view the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/course-building.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/Intro+to+Business\/transcripts\/SoundSmartChildLaborintheIndustrialRevolution.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s1\">transcript for \u201cSound Smart: Child Labor in the Industrial Revolution\u201d here (opens in new window).<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>While there are established laws in the U.S. to protect children, similar laws in many developing countries do not exist or are not enforced. In the 1990s, Nike was exposed as using child labor in countries like Cambodia and Pakistan, with minors working seven days a week for as long as 16 hours per day.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"TFL. \u201cSweatshops Almost Killed Nike in the 1990s, Now There Are Modern Slavery Laws - The Fashion Law.\u201d The Fashion Law, September 27, 2019. https:\/\/www.thefashionlaw.com\/visibility-is-central-to-a-successful-supply-chain-heres-what-brands-need-to-know\/\" id=\"return-footnote-2940-1\" href=\"#footnote-2940-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a> The backlash forced the company to change its practices. However, as recently as 2020, Nike was found to be using the forced labor of Uyghurs, an ethnic minority of Muslims, who had been detained by the Chinese government.<\/p>\n<p>However, child labor is not only happening in other countries. Investigative reporter, Hannah Dreier, spoke to more than 100 migrant child workers in 20 states and found that these children were working dangerous jobs, very often during night shifts in factories.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Dreier, Hannah. \u201cAlone and Exploited, Migrant Children Work Brutal Jobs Across the U.S.\u201d New York Times, February 25, 2023. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/02\/25\/us\/unaccompanied-migrant-child-workers-exploitation.html\" id=\"return-footnote-2940-2\" href=\"#footnote-2940-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a> Dreier also interviewed underage children, some as young as 12, who were working as slaughterhouse workers, roofers, milking machine operators on dairy farms, dish scrubbers in restaurants, and machine operators in a sawmill.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Id.\" id=\"return-footnote-2940-3\" href=\"#footnote-2940-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a> Sometimes the children go to school during the day and then rush off to their jobs after school. They are under intense financial pressure to send money back to their families in Central and South America while simultaneously having to pay their living expenses and debts from paying smugglers to get them to the U.S. border.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Id.\" id=\"return-footnote-2940-4\" href=\"#footnote-2940-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Large corporations benefit from the labor of these migrant child workers. For example, they work with giant ovens that make Chewy and Nature Valley granola bars and dinner rolls sold at Walmart and Target; tend fast-moving machinery that packed bags of Lucky Charms cereal and Cheetos; sew &#8220;Made in America&#8221; tags onto J. Crew shirts; debone chicken sold at Whole Foods; and process milk used in Ben &amp; Jerry&#8217;s ice cream.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Id.\" id=\"return-footnote-2940-5\" href=\"#footnote-2940-5\" aria-label=\"Footnote 5\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[5]<\/sup><\/a> The growth of migrant child labor is a result of a number of organizations turning a blind eye to violations of labor laws. Schools fail to report labor violations because they believe it might do more harm to the children while companies ignore the problem because they need workers.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Id.\" id=\"return-footnote-2940-6\" href=\"#footnote-2940-6\" aria-label=\"Footnote 6\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[6]<\/sup><\/a> Without stricter oversight, the companies that hire these children will likely continue to do so.<\/p>\n<section class=\"textbox connectIt\">\n<h3>Risks of Using Child Labor<\/h3>\n<p>Are there potential economic, social, and reputational risks faced by companies that engage in or benefit from the use of child labor?<\/p>\n<div class=\"qa-wrapper\" style=\"display: block\"><button class=\"show-answer show-answer-button collapsed\" data-target=\"q111887\">Click to Show Sample Answer<\/button><\/p>\n<div id=\"q111887\" class=\"hidden-answer\" style=\"display: none\">Companies face risks such as legal fines, supply chain disruptions, and reputational damage. However, businesses may choose to intentionally ignore or shift the blame to contractors who directly hire the child workers because it helps keep production running and saves money. While this attitude does not align with ethical and legal standards, some businesses may believe that the reputational damage will not significantly affect sales.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Learn more about how organizations in the U.S., like <a href=\"https:\/\/stopchildlabor.org\/category\/child-labor-us\/\">The Child Labor Coalition<\/a>, are working to end child labor.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1292006561284450408\/embed\" width=\"1088\" height=\"637\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" aria-label=\"Module 6 Flashcards\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-2940-1\">TFL. \u201cSweatshops Almost Killed Nike in the 1990s, Now There Are Modern Slavery Laws - The Fashion Law.\u201d The Fashion Law, September 27, 2019. https:\/\/www.thefashionlaw.com\/visibility-is-central-to-a-successful-supply-chain-heres-what-brands-need-to-know\/ <a href=\"#return-footnote-2940-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2940-2\">Dreier, Hannah. \u201cAlone and Exploited, Migrant Children Work Brutal Jobs Across the U.S.\u201d New York Times, February 25, 2023. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/02\/25\/us\/unaccompanied-migrant-child-workers-exploitation.html <a href=\"#return-footnote-2940-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2940-3\">Id. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2940-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2940-4\">Id. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2940-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2940-5\">Id. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2940-5\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 5\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2940-6\">Id. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2940-6\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 6\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":21,"menu_order":30,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[{\"type\":\"pd\",\"description\":\"Flashcards adapted from material using ChatGPT\",\"author\":\"Lumen Learning\",\"organization\":\"OpenAI\",\"url\":\"\",\"project\":\"\",\"license\":\"pd\",\"license_terms\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"copyrighted_video\",\"description\":\"Sound Smart: Child Labor in the Industrial 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