{"id":1571,"date":"2025-04-29T22:09:48","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T22:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=1571"},"modified":"2025-07-08T22:00:19","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T22:00:19","slug":"using-and-citing-sources-get-stronger","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/chapter\/using-and-citing-sources-get-stronger\/","title":{"raw":"Using and Citing Sources: Get Stronger","rendered":"Using and Citing Sources: Get Stronger"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>MLA and APA Documentation<\/h2>\r\n<section class=\"textbox recall\" aria-label=\"Recall\">\r\n<h3>MLA Format<\/h3>\r\nYou've learned about many of the best practices for citing sources in MLA. Remember, the idea is that you want to leave a trail for others to easily find your work. MLA citations generally follow this basic anatomy:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Author Last Name, First Name. \"Article Title.\"\u00a0<em>Name of Journal, <\/em>vol. #, no. #issue, year, pp.\u00a0page range.\u00a0<em>Database name,\u00a0<\/em>URL\/DOI.<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/section><section class=\"textbox example\" aria-label=\"Example\">For example:\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Scarantino, Andrea, and Michael Nielsen. \"Voodoo Dolls And Angry Lions: How Emotions Explain Arational Actions.\"\u00a0<em>Philosophical Studies,<\/em>\u00a0vol.\u00a0172, no.\u00a011, 2015, pp.\u00a02975-2998.\u00a0<em>Academic Search Complete<\/em>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Sarnoff, Nancy. \"Web's Role in House Hunt Grows.\"\u00a0<em>Chron.com,<\/em>\u00a0Houston Chronicle, 1 Dec. 2007, www.chron.com\/business\/sarnoff\/article\/Web-s-role-in-house-hunt-grows-1793822.php.<\/p>\r\nOnline articles typically follow this format:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Author. \"Article Title.\"\u00a0<em>Website Name,<\/em>\u00a0Site Publisher, date published, URL optional. Access date optional.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Avirgan, Jody.\u00a0\"Not All Privacy Policies Are Created Equal.\"\u00a0<em>FiveThirtyEight,\u00a0<\/em>12 Feb. 2016, fivethirtyeight.com\/features\/not-all-privacy-policies-are-created-equal.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">\"Good vs Bad Cholesterol.\" \u00a0<em>American Heart Association<\/em>, 12 Jan. 2015, www.heart.org\/HEARTORG\/Conditions\/Cholesterol\/AboutCholesterol\/Good-vs-Bad-Cholesterol_UCM_305561_Article.jsp.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/section><section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\">\r\n<h4>MLA Checklist<\/h4>\r\n[embed]https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290982270263967238[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/section><section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\">If you\u2019d like to see even more examples or review what was presented above, click through the following slides.\u00a0<iframe src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1rIF0VdjKopeQV4CIq8Wa-4BsDL2tkOX9SsFXRarj3B4\/embed?start=false&amp;loop=false&amp;delayms=3000\" width=\"1100\" height=\"647\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe>You can also\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/oerfiles\/Composition\/Waymaker+English\/MLA+8.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">download the presentation here<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/section>Now that you've learned the basic formatting guidelines and techniques for citing sources using MLA style, let's review APA formatting.\r\n\r\n<section class=\"textbox recall\" aria-label=\"Recall\">\r\n<h3>APA Format<\/h3>\r\nAPA citations differ slightly from MLA expectations. For in-text citations, APA asks for the year and page number, when applicable:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>(Author Last Name(s), Year, p. #)<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>(Smith, 2013, p. 43)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe reference page citations follow this basic format:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Author Last Name, First Initial. Year Published. Article titled capitalized like a sentence.\u00a0<em>Name of Journal, volume<\/em>(issue), page range. DOI number\/URL<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/section><section class=\"textbox example\" aria-label=\"Example\">For example, a\u00a0journal from a print database is formatted this way (if it were from an online database, you would include the DOI or URL at the end):\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Author\u2019s Last name, Author\u2019s First and Middle initials, &amp; Last names and initials of other authors, if any. (Year). Title of article.\u00a0<em>Title of Journal italicized, Volume number italicized<\/em>(Issue number), Page numbers. DOI<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Light, M. A. &amp; Light, I. H. (2008). The geographic expansion of Mexican immigration in the United States and its implications for local law enforcement.\u00a0<em>Law Enforcement Executive Forum Journal, 8<\/em>(1), 73-82.<\/p>\r\nAn online article is formatted this way:\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Author\u2019s Last name, Author\u2019s First and Middle initials, &amp; Last names and initials of other authors, if any. (Year, Month and Day of publication, if available). Title of article.\u00a0<em>Title of Magazine italicized, Volume number italicized<\/em>(Issue number, if available). URL or DOI link<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Farelly, E. (2008, March\/April). Fear of not having had.\u00a0<em>Orion<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/orionmagazine.org\/article\/fear-of-not-having-had\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/orionmagazine.org\/article\/fear-of-not-having-had\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/section><section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\">\r\n<h4>APA Formatting Checklist<\/h4>\r\nStep through this presentation to review the critical components of authoring a paper in APA style.\r\n\r\n<iframe src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=425\" width=\"736\" height=\"439\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/h5p\/h5p-php-library\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script>\r\n\r\n<\/section>\r\n<h2>Academic Honesty<\/h2>\r\nReview various forms of academic dishonesty in the interactive below.\r\n\r\n<section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\"><iframe title=\"[8.3] Types of Academic Dishonesty_Matching Activity\" src=\"https:\/\/odp.library.tamu.edu\/informedarguments\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=42\" width=\"614\" height=\"702\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/odp.library.tamu.edu\/app\/plugins\/h5p\/h5p-php-library\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/section>&nbsp;","rendered":"<h2>MLA and APA Documentation<\/h2>\n<section class=\"textbox recall\" aria-label=\"Recall\">\n<h3>MLA Format<\/h3>\n<p>You&#8217;ve learned about many of the best practices for citing sources in MLA. Remember, the idea is that you want to leave a trail for others to easily find your work. MLA citations generally follow this basic anatomy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Author Last Name, First Name. &#8220;Article Title.&#8221;\u00a0<em>Name of Journal, <\/em>vol. #, no. #issue, year, pp.\u00a0page range.\u00a0<em>Database name,\u00a0<\/em>URL\/DOI.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox example\" aria-label=\"Example\">For example:<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Scarantino, Andrea, and Michael Nielsen. &#8220;Voodoo Dolls And Angry Lions: How Emotions Explain Arational Actions.&#8221;\u00a0<em>Philosophical Studies,<\/em>\u00a0vol.\u00a0172, no.\u00a011, 2015, pp.\u00a02975-2998.\u00a0<em>Academic Search Complete<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Sarnoff, Nancy. &#8220;Web&#8217;s Role in House Hunt Grows.&#8221;\u00a0<em>Chron.com,<\/em>\u00a0Houston Chronicle, 1 Dec. 2007, www.chron.com\/business\/sarnoff\/article\/Web-s-role-in-house-hunt-grows-1793822.php.<\/p>\n<p>Online articles typically follow this format:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Author. &#8220;Article Title.&#8221;\u00a0<em>Website Name,<\/em>\u00a0Site Publisher, date published, URL optional. Access date optional.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Avirgan, Jody.\u00a0&#8220;Not All Privacy Policies Are Created Equal.&#8221;\u00a0<em>FiveThirtyEight,\u00a0<\/em>12 Feb. 2016, fivethirtyeight.com\/features\/not-all-privacy-policies-are-created-equal.<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8220;Good vs Bad Cholesterol.&#8221; \u00a0<em>American Heart Association<\/em>, 12 Jan. 2015, www.heart.org\/HEARTORG\/Conditions\/Cholesterol\/AboutCholesterol\/Good-vs-Bad-Cholesterol_UCM_305561_Article.jsp.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\">\n<h4>MLA Checklist<\/h4>\n<p><iframe id=\"oembed-1\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" title=\"OWL: MLA Formatting Guide\" src=\"https:\/\/lumenlearning.h5p.com\/content\/1290982270263967238\/embed?feature=oembed#?secret=SxQPW9tK0X\" data-secret=\"SxQPW9tK0X\" width=\"500\" height=\"320\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\">If you\u2019d like to see even more examples or review what was presented above, click through the following slides.\u00a0<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1rIF0VdjKopeQV4CIq8Wa-4BsDL2tkOX9SsFXRarj3B4\/embed?start=false&amp;loop=false&amp;delayms=3000\" width=\"1100\" height=\"647\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe>You can also\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/oerfiles\/Composition\/Waymaker+English\/MLA+8.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">download the presentation here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>Now that you&#8217;ve learned the basic formatting guidelines and techniques for citing sources using MLA style, let&#8217;s review APA formatting.<\/p>\n<section class=\"textbox recall\" aria-label=\"Recall\">\n<h3>APA Format<\/h3>\n<p>APA citations differ slightly from MLA expectations. For in-text citations, APA asks for the year and page number, when applicable:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>(Author Last Name(s), Year, p. #)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>(Smith, 2013, p. 43)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The reference page citations follow this basic format:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Author Last Name, First Initial. Year Published. Article titled capitalized like a sentence.\u00a0<em>Name of Journal, volume<\/em>(issue), page range. DOI number\/URL<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox example\" aria-label=\"Example\">For example, a\u00a0journal from a print database is formatted this way (if it were from an online database, you would include the DOI or URL at the end):<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Author\u2019s Last name, Author\u2019s First and Middle initials, &amp; Last names and initials of other authors, if any. (Year). Title of article.\u00a0<em>Title of Journal italicized, Volume number italicized<\/em>(Issue number), Page numbers. DOI<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Light, M. A. &amp; Light, I. H. (2008). The geographic expansion of Mexican immigration in the United States and its implications for local law enforcement.\u00a0<em>Law Enforcement Executive Forum Journal, 8<\/em>(1), 73-82.<\/p>\n<p>An online article is formatted this way:<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Author\u2019s Last name, Author\u2019s First and Middle initials, &amp; Last names and initials of other authors, if any. (Year, Month and Day of publication, if available). Title of article.\u00a0<em>Title of Magazine italicized, Volume number italicized<\/em>(Issue number, if available). URL or DOI link<\/p>\n<p class=\"hanging-indent\" style=\"line-height: 2em; padding-left: 30px;\">Farelly, E. (2008, March\/April). Fear of not having had.\u00a0<em>Orion<\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/orionmagazine.org\/article\/fear-of-not-having-had\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/orionmagazine.org\/article\/fear-of-not-having-had\/<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\">\n<h4>APA Formatting Checklist<\/h4>\n<p>Step through this presentation to review the critical components of authoring a paper in APA style.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=425\" width=\"736\" height=\"439\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/owl.excelsior.edu\/wp-content\/plugins\/h5p\/h5p-php-library\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<h2>Academic Honesty<\/h2>\n<p>Review various forms of academic dishonesty in the interactive below.<\/p>\n<section class=\"textbox interact\" aria-label=\"Interact\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"[8.3] Types of Academic Dishonesty_Matching Activity\" src=\"https:\/\/odp.library.tamu.edu\/informedarguments\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=42\" width=\"614\" height=\"702\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><script src=\"https:\/\/odp.library.tamu.edu\/app\/plugins\/h5p\/h5p-php-library\/js\/h5p-resizer.js\" charset=\"UTF-8\"><\/script><\/section>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"menu_order":29,"template":"","meta":{"_candela_citation":"[]","pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"part":308,"module-header":"practice","content_attributions":[],"internal_book_links":[],"video_content":null,"cc_video_embed_content":{"cc_scripts":"","media_targets":[]},"try_it_collection":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1571"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1571\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3142,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1571\/revisions\/3142"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/308"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1571\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1571"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1571"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/content.one.lumenlearning.com\/englishcomp1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}