Use summation notation to write a sum for a series
Use the formula for the sum of the first [latex]n[/latex] terms of an arithmetic series
Use the formula for the sum of the first [latex]n[/latex] terms of a geometric series
Use the formula to accurately find the sum of an infinite geometric series
Solve annuity problems by applying concepts of regular series additions
Solving Application Problems with Arithmetic Series
On the Sunday after a minor surgery, a woman is able to walk a half-mile. Each Sunday, she walks an additional quarter-mile. After [latex]8[/latex] weeks, what will be the total number of miles she has walked?
This problem can be modeled by an arithmetic series with [latex]{a}_{1}=\frac{1}{2}[/latex] and [latex]d=\frac{1}{4}[/latex]. We are looking for the total number of miles walked after [latex]8[/latex] weeks, so we know that [latex]n=8[/latex], and we are looking for [latex]{S}_{8}[/latex]. To find [latex]{a}_{8}[/latex], we can use the explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence.
She will have walked a total of [latex]11[/latex] miles.
A parent starts saving for their child’s college education when the child is [latex]5[/latex] years old. They initially deposit [latex]$1000[/latex] and plan to increase their deposit by [latex]$200[/latex] each year. If they continue this plan until the child is [latex]18[/latex] ([latex]14[/latex]deposits in total), how much money will they have saved?
Identify the arithmetic series:
First term: [latex]a_1 = 1000[/latex]
Common difference: [latex]d = 200[/latex]
Number of terms: [latex]n = 14[/latex]
Find the last term: [latex]a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d = 1000 + (14-1)200 = 3600[/latex]
Use the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series: [latex]S_n = \frac{n}{2}(a_1 + a_n)[/latex]
Therefore, the parent will have saved [latex]$32,200[/latex]for their child’s college education.
A new stadium is being built with [latex]30[/latex] rows of seats. The first row closest to the field has [latex]100[/latex] seats, and each row behind it has [latex]5[/latex] more seats than the row in front of it. How many total seats are in the stadium?
Identify the arithmetic series:
First term: [latex]a_1 = 100[/latex]
Common difference: [latex]d = 5[/latex]
Number of terms: [latex]n = 30[/latex]
Find the last term: [latex]a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d = 100 + (30-1)5 = 245[/latex]
Use the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series: [latex]S_n = \frac{n}{2}(a_1 + a_n)[/latex]
Therefore, there are [latex]5,175[/latex] seats in total in the stadium.
Solving an Application Problem with a Geometric Series
A social media influencer starts a viral marketing campaign for a new product. On the first day, they share the product with [latex]5,000[/latex] followers. Each day after, only [latex]30 \%[/latex] of the people who saw it the previous day share it with new people. How many total people will have seen the product advertisement after [latex]10[/latex] days?
Identify the geometric series:
Initial term: [latex]a = 5000[/latex]
Common ratio: [latex]r = 0.30[/latex]
Number of terms: [latex]n = 10[/latex]
Use the formula for the sum of a geometric series: [latex]{S}_{n}=\dfrac{{a}_{1}\left(1-{r}^{n}\right)}{1-r}[/latex], where [latex]S_n[/latex] is the sum of the series
Therefore, approximately [latex]7,142[/latex] people will have seen the product advertisement after [latex]10[/latex] days.
A sample of radioactive material initially weighs [latex]100[/latex] grams. Each year, [latex]15 \%[/latex] of the remaining material decays. What will be the total amount of material that has decayed after [latex]20[/latex] years?
Identify the geometric series:
Initial term (amount decaying in first year): [latex]a = 100 \cdot 0.15 = 15[/latex] grams
Common ratio (rate of decay each subsequent year): [latex]r = 0.85[/latex]
Number of terms: [latex]n = 20[/latex]
Use the formula for the sum of a geometric series: [latex]{S}_{n}=\dfrac{{a}_{1}\left(1-{r}^{n}\right)}{1-r}[/latex]